ABSTRACT
At present, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2(SARS-CoV-2)infection is still rampant worldwide.As of September 10, 2021, there were about 222 million confirmed cases of corona virus disease 2019(COVID-19)and more than 4.6 million deaths worldwide.With the development of COVID-19 vaccines and the gradual vaccination worldwide, the increasing number of cases in children and unvaccinated young people has drawn attention.According to World Health Organization surveillance data, the proportion of COVID-19 infection cases in children gradually increased, and the proportion of cases in the age groups of under 5 years and 5-14 years increased from 1.0% and 2.5% in January 2020 to 2.0% and 8.7% in July 2021, respectively.At present, billions of adults have been vaccinated with various COVID-19 vaccines worldwide, and their protective effects including reducing infection and transmission, reducing severe disease and hospitalization, and reducing death, as well as high safety have been confirmed.Canada, the United States, Europe and other countries have approved the emergency COVID-19 vaccination in children and adolescents aged 12 to 17 years, and China has also approved the phased vaccination of COVID-19 vaccination in children and adolescents aged 3 to 17 years. For smooth advancement and implementation of COVID-19 vaccination in children, academic institutions, including National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, National Center for Children's Health, and The Society of Pediatrics, Chinese Medical Association organized relevant experts to reach this consensus on COVID-19 vaccination in children.Copyright © 2021 by the Chinese Medical Association.
ABSTRACT
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2(SARS-CoV-2)infection is still worldwide.As a vulnerable group, severe and dead pediatric cases are also reported.Under this severe epidemic situation, children should be well protected.With the widespread vaccination of SARS-CoV-2 vaccine in adults, the infection rate have decreased.Therefore, SARS-CoV-2 vaccine inoculation for children groups step by step is of great significance to the protection of children and the prevention and control of corona virus disease 2019(COVID-19) as a whole.But the safety of children vaccinated with SARS-CoV-2 vaccine is a main concern of parents.Therefore, in order to ensure the safety of vaccination and the implementation of vaccination work, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, National Center for Children's Health and the Society of Pediatrics, Chinese Medical Association organized experts to interpret the main issue of parents about SARS-CoV-2 vaccine for children, in order to answer the doubts of parents.Copyright © 2021 by the Chinese Medical Association.
ABSTRACT
Mobile government social media (GSM) plays a crucial role in facilitating government–citizen crisis communication and pandemic-related information delivery during public health emergencies. However, the lack of interaction and supervision, as well as deviations from the government's crisis communication position, can lead to some mobile GSM accounts gradually becoming "zombie” and "empty shell” accounts, resulting in high discontinuance rates. To investigate the underlying mechanism of mobile GSM discontinuous usage intention during public health emergencies, this study utilized hybrid structural equation modeling with an artificial neural network approach to estimate linear and non-linear relations. Data were collected from 748 Chinese mobile GSM users during the COVID-19 pandemic from August to September 2021. The findings revealed that perceived risks and barriers, information overload, information irrelevance, and social media fatigue significantly affected mobile GSM users' discontinuous usage intentions during public health emergencies, while perceived internet censorship and information equivocality did not. The hybrid method predicted mobile GSM discontinuous usage intention during public health emergencies with an accuracy of 87.9%. This study provides a holistic understanding of the antecedents of mobile GSM discontinuous usage intention during public health emergencies. Practical insights were presented for mobile GSM managers to avoid user churn during public health emergencies. © 2023 Elsevier Ltd
ABSTRACT
2019 novel coronavirus(2019-nCoV) outbreak is one of the public health emergency of international concern.Since the 2019-nCoV outbreak, China has been adopting strict prevention and control measures, and has achieved remarkable results in the initial stage of prevention and control.However, some imported cases and sporadic regional cases have been found, and even short-term regional epidemics have occurred, indicating that the preventing and control against the epidemic remains grim.With the change of the incidence proportion and the number of cases in children under 18 years old, some new special symptoms and complications have appeared in children patients.In addition, with the occurrence of virus mutation, it has not only attracted attention from all parties, but also proposed a new topic for the prevention and treatment of 2019-nCoV infection in children of China.Based on the second edition, the present consensus further summarizes the clinical characteristics and experience of children's cases, and puts forward recommendations on the diagnostic criteria, laboratory examination, treatment, prevention and control of children's cases for providing reference for further guidance of treatment of 2019-nCoV infection in children.Copyright © 2021 Chinese Medical Association
ABSTRACT
The hospitality work environment presents many unique challenges for employees and organizations, such as the intertwined and collective work nature, implicit job expectations, and a shrinking labor market. The demand for highly skilled employees who are sufficient to deliver the unique brand values to customers is on the rise for building successful service brands through employees. The need to retain talented employees is further intensified by the "great resignation” movement in the USA along with the COVID-19 pandemic. This study demonstrates the positive role of brand-specific transformational leadership in promoting employees' highly engaged brand building behavior (investment-of-self) and their resistance to outside competing job offers. More importantly, drawing upon cognitive dissonance theory, this study shows that the impact of brand-specific transformational leadership is mediated by employees' sense of brand community internally, as well as moderated by perceived brand promise accuracy. These results supported the essential role of achieving employees' cognitive consonance in brand communication both internally and externally. These results are supported by 203 US hospitality employee responses from multiple data collections purposefully designed with temporal and cognitive distance. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Limited.
ABSTRACT
Based in Malaysia and operating in 16 countries, Sime Darby Plantation (SDP) is the world's largest oil palm plantation company. Its drivers to innovate include the sustainability focus and reducing dependency on foreign labour. As a 100-year-old large company, SDP operates in a hierarchical manner, relying on top-down decisions in their day-to-day operations. The study explores the challenges it faced in implementing a systematic innovation management process while drawing parallels to the ISO 56002 components to highlight how these were vital in ensuring the company's success in innovation. SDP's innovation journey begins from the inception of its Group Innovation Strategy Department in 2016, followed by new initiatives after its de-merger from the Sime Darby Group and its new innovation efforts in response to the recent COVID-19 pandemic. Several successful top-down initiatives are highlighted in this study, including the Innovation and Productivity Charter to create the urgency of achieving its goals, the Review Panel to oversee all innovation activities and the Value Creation process aimed at commercialising new ideas. © 2023 World Scientific Publishing Europe Ltd.
ABSTRACT
To systematically review the clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) for the treatment of patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) using Chinese herbal medicine (CHM), assess the methodological quality as well as clinical credibility and implementability of specific recommendations, and summarize key recommendations.Methods:: As of April 2022, we conducted a comprehensive search on major electronic databases, guideline websites, academic society websites, and government websites to assess the methodological quality and clinical applicability of the included CPGs using the Appraisal of Guidelines for Research and Evaluation (AGREE) II tool and Evaluation-Recommendations EXcellence (AGREE-REX) instructions, respectively. Results:: The search yielded 61 CPGs, which were mostly published in 2020;moreover, 98.4% of the CPGs were published in China. Only five CPGs achieved a high-quality AGREE II rating;further, six CPGs could be directly recommended, with most of the CPGs still showing much room for improvement. CPGs had a low overall score in the AGREE-REX evaluation, with the domains of clinical applicability, values and preferences, and implementability being standardized in 21.80% ± 12.56%, 16.00% ± 11.81%, and 31.33% ± 14.55% of the CPGs, respectively. Five high-quality CPGs mentioned 56 Chinese herbal formulas. Half of the recommendations had moderate or strong evidence level in the GRADE evaluation. The most frequently recommended herbal medicines were Lianhua Qingwen granule/capsule and Jinhua Qinggan granule;however, the strength of recommendation for each prescription varied across CPGs and populations. Conclusions:: The overall quality of current CPGs for COVID-19 for CHM still needs to be improved;moreover, the strength of the evidence remains to be standardized across CPGs. Graphical :: http://links.lww.com/AHM/A34.
ABSTRACT
Objective To analyse monitoring absenteeism due to respiratory symptoms/diseases among preschoolers in Guang-zhou, and to provide reference for risk prevention and control of respiratory infectious diseases in kindergartens. Methods Data of absenteeism due to symptoms and diseases in kindergartens were collected from "Guangzhou Student Health Monitoring System", and was analyzed by using R 4.1.3 software. Results During 2018-2020 academic year, there were 1 965, 2 019, 2 236 kinder-gartens being monitored respectively. The absenteeism rate of kindergarten's children due to respiratory symptoms and diseases in Guangzhou were 3.08 ‰ and 2.02 ‰. The absenteeism rates due to respiratory symptoms were 3.75 ‰, 4.17 ‰, 2.97 ‰ and 2.09 ‰ in baby class, junior class, middle class and senior class, respectively. The absenteeism rates due to respiratory diseases were 2.34 ‰, 2.60 ‰, 1.94 ‰ and 1.50 ‰, respectively. The absenteeism rate in higher grade was lower than that in lower grade (X2 = 65 197.95, 27 929.44, P<0.01). The absenteeism rates of boys (3.11 ‰, 2.05 ‰ ) due to respiratory symptoms/diseases were signif-icantly higher than those of girls (3.06 ‰, 1.97 ‰ ) (X2 =57.71, 229.45, P<0.01). The absenteeism of preschoolers due to respiratory symptoms/diseases showed two peaks in December of the this year and May of the following year. At the beginning of the second se-mester of 2019 academic year (after the outbreak of Coronavirus disease 2019), the absenteeism rate due to respiratory symptoms/diseases were lower than those of the same period in previous years. Conclusions The absences due to respiratory symptoms or dis-eases not only accounted for half of the total absences due to illness, but also had seasonal characteristics. Children in the younger-age group and most boys are treated as a focus group for absence due to respiratory symptoms/illnesses. It's necessary to give full use of timely warning function of health monitoring system. © 2022 by the Author(s).
ABSTRACT
With the worldwide spreading of Coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) pandemic, besides the traditional diagnosing approach, Artificial Intelligence provides additional support for the pre-diagnosis of Covid-19 by using data such as patients' images, and sounds, etc. Being able to recognize Covid-19 positive patients quickly and correctly is the key to preventing the expansion of the disease. However, the existing Covid-19 diagnosis models still face challenges due to the complex network structure and additional medical examination. It takes much time to return a diagnosis result. In this paper, a diagnostic model is proposed as an early work for Covid-19 diagnosis using sound samples. The features of sound signals are expressed by Mel Frequency Cepstral Coefficients, which are input into the Online Sequential Extreme Learning Machine for normal/abnormal detection. Data from an open-source database were used to train the proposed model, the experiments show that using vowel pronunciations the model can achieve an accuracy of 96.4% on average, with about 10 times faster for testing than the Support Vector Machine. © 2022 IEEE.
ABSTRACT
Global pandemics such as COVID-19 have resulted in significant global social and economic disruption. Although polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is recommended as the standard test for identifying the SARS-CoV-2, conventional assays are time-consuming. In parallel, although artificial intelligence (AI) has been employed to contain the disease, the implementation of AI in PCR analytics, which may enhance the cognition of diagnostics, is quite rare. The information that the amplification curve reveals can reflect the dynamics of reactions. Here, we present a novel AI-aided on-chip approach by integrating deep learning with microfluidic paper-based analytical devices (mu PADs) to detect synthetic RNA templates of the SARS-CoV-2 ORFlab gene. The mu PADs feature a multilayer structure by which the devices are compatible with conventional PCR instruments. During analysis, real-time PCR data were synchronously fed to three unsupervised learning models with deep neural networks, including RNN, LSTM, and GRU. Of these, the GRU is found to be most effective and accurate. Based on the experimentally obtained datasets, qualitative forecasting can be made as early as 13 cycles, which significantly enhances the efficiency of the PCR tests by 67.5% (similar to 40 min). Also, an accurate prediction of the end-point value of PCR curves can be obtained by GRU around 20 cycles. To further improve PCR testing efficiency, we also propose AI-aided dynamic evaluation criteria for determining critical cycle numbers, which enables real-time quantitative analysis of PCR tests. The presented approach is the first to integrate AI for on-chip PCR data analysis. It is capable of forecasting the final output and the trend of qPCR in addition to the conventional end-point Cq calculation. It is also capable of fully exploring the dynamics and intrinsic features of each reaction. This work leverages methodologies from diverse disciplines to provide perspectives and insights beyond the scope of a single scientific field. It is universally applicable and can be extended to multiple areas of fundamental research.
ABSTRACT
Objective: To explore the potential active components of Chaiyin particles (CYPs) in the treatment of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and their mechanism of action using network pharmacology and molecular docking technology. Methods: Based on the components of CYPs, we obtained potential targets of the interaction between CYPs and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The potential targets were analyzed by protein-protein interaction, gene ontology, and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analyses. The key active components of CYPs were subjected to molecular docking with 3-chymotrypsin-like protease, angiotensin-converting enzyme II (ACE2), RNA-dependent RNA polymerase, and papain-like protease. The components that may bind to the key target proteins of SARS-CoV-2 were screened to obtain the potential active components, targets and pathways for CYP treatment of COVID-19. The above-described network analysis results were then verified experimentally. Results: CYPs may prevent and treat COVID-19 by inhibiting the release of inflammatory factors such as IL-6 and TNF-alpha;participating in the AGE-Rage signaling pathway, the HIF-1 signaling pathway, and other anti-inflammatory, antiviral, and immune regulatory signaling pathways;and blocking ACE2 via fortunellin and baicalin. Conclusion: This work illustrated that CYPs mainly play an anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory role in COVID-19 prevention and treatment. The potential active components and molecular mechanism of CYPs can provide theoretical support and a pharmacological basis for further development and utilization of CYPs in the prevention and treatment of COVID-19. These results provide important insights into future studies of Traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) modernization and prevention.
ABSTRACT
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2(SARS-CoV-2)infection is still worldwide.As a vulnerable group, severe and dead pediatric cases are also reported.Under this severe epidemic situation, children should be well protected.With the widespread vaccination of SARS-CoV-2 vaccine in adults, the infection rate have decreased.Therefore, SARS-CoV-2 vaccine inoculation for children groups step by step is of great significance to the protection of children and the prevention and control of corona virus disease 2019(COVID-19) as a whole.But the safety of children vaccinated with SARS-CoV-2 vaccine is a main concern of parents.Therefore, in order to ensure the safety of vaccination and the implementation of vaccination work, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, National Center for Children's Health and the Society of Pediatrics, Chinese Medical Association organized experts to interpret the main issue of parents about SARS-CoV-2 vaccine for children, in order to answer the doubts of parents. Copyright © 2021 by the Chinese Medical Association.
ABSTRACT
At present, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2(SARS-CoV-2)infection is still rampant worldwide.As of September 10, 2021, there were about 222 million confirmed cases of corona virus disease 2019(COVID-19)and more than 4.6 million deaths worldwide.With the development of COVID-19 vaccines and the gradual vaccination worldwide, the increasing number of cases in children and unvaccinated young people has drawn attention.According to World Health Organization surveillance data, the proportion of COVID-19 infection cases in children gradually increased, and the proportion of cases in the age groups of under 5 years and 5-14 years increased from 1.0% and 2.5% in January 2020 to 2.0% and 8.7% in July 2021, respectively.At present, billions of adults have been vaccinated with various COVID-19 vaccines worldwide, and their protective effects including reducing infection and transmission, reducing severe disease and hospitalization, and reducing death, as well as high safety have been confirmed.Canada, the United States, Europe and other countries have approved the emergency COVID-19 vaccination in children and adolescents aged 12 to 17 years, and China has also approved the phased vaccination of COVID-19 vaccination in children and adolescents aged 3 to 17 years. For smooth advancement and implementation of COVID-19 vaccination in children, academic institutions, including National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, National Center for Children's Health, and The Society of Pediatrics, Chinese Medical Association organized relevant experts to reach this consensus on COVID-19 vaccination in children. Copyright © 2021 by the Chinese Medical Association.
ABSTRACT
Contact tracing is an essential public health tool for controlling epidemic disease outbreaks such as the COVID-19 pandemic. Digital contact tracing using real-time locations or proximity of individuals can be used to significantly speed up and scale up contact tracing. In this demonstration, we present our system, REACT, for REAl-time Contact Tracing and risk monitoring via privacy-enhanced tracking of users' locations. With privacy enhancement that allows users to control and refine the precision with which their information will be collected and used, REACT will enable: 1) contact tracing of individuals who are exposed to infected cases and identification of hot-spot locations, 2) individual risk monitoring based on the locations they visit and their contact with others. In this paper, we demonstrate the procedure of contact tracing using our application and the utility of contact tracing given the protected locations. © 2021 IEEE.
ABSTRACT
2019 novel coronavirus(2019-nCoV) outbreak is one of the public health emergency of international concern.Since the 2019-nCoV outbreak, China has been adopting strict prevention and control measures, and has achieved remarkable results in the initial stage of prevention and control.However, some imported cases and sporadic regional cases have been found, and even short-term regional epidemics have occurred, indicating that the preventing and control against the epidemic remains grim.With the change of the incidence proportion and the number of cases in children under 18 years old, some new special symptoms and complications have appeared in children patients.In addition, with the occurrence of virus mutation, it has not only attracted attention from all parties, but also proposed a new topic for the prevention and treatment of 2019-nCoV infection in children of China.Based on the second edition, the present consensus further summarizes the clinical characteristics and experience of children's cases, and puts forward recommendations on the diagnostic criteria, laboratory examination, treatment, prevention and control of children's cases for providing reference for further guidance of treatment of 2019-nCoV infection in children. © 2021 Chinese Medical Association
ABSTRACT
Epidemics especially those caused by major contagious diseases have entailed huge losses in human history. The fights have thus never stopped to prevent pandemics. Due to its acute outbreak, is generally susceptible to the population regardless of ages, so strict quarantine of the infections becomes the most effective means for the epidemic control, which has been proved in the prevention of other contagious diseases such as SARS and H1N1. The key strategy widely used to find infected and suspected patients is still the epidemiological tracking of confirmed cases. However, this may fail to identify infections especially when patients do not show any symptoms. Therefore, the approach to rapid, effective, and simple infection identification is essential to prevent the spread of a contagious disease. This paper proposes to leverage a social apps and Geospatial artificial intelligence (GeoAI) with Blockchain to effectively identify infections with privacy concern. Since people widely use social apps, a large scale of social data with geospatial information could be easily collected and kept on Blockchain with privacy preservation, which thus provides a framework of decentralized, tamper-proof, and privacy-preserved information sharing. With the support of GeoAI, which analyzes the spatial distribution of diseases from the shared data, we could study the influence factors based on spatial propagation of contagious diseases for infection identification. Since WeChat is widely used in China, we take COVID-19 as an example to use the experiments on real-life datasets demonstrate the effectiveness of our method, and provide insight into epidemic control in terms of geo-social data sharing. © 2021 IEEE.
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has elevated mortality in severe and critical patients globally. This study examined the effect of glucocorticoids (GCS) on the time of virus clearance and absorption of lung lesions in severe and critical COVID-19 patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Severe and critical COVID-19 cases diagnosed in Wuhan Pulmonary Hospital from January 7 to February 10, 2020 were analyzed. The generalized linear model was utilized to assess the effects of GCS therapy on the times of nucleic acid test turning negative and improved pulmonary imaging, respectively. RESULTS: Of 66 patients, 51 (77.3%) and 15 (22.7%) were severe and critical cases, respectively, and aged 62 ± 11 years. A total of 58 patients (87.9%) tested negative, and 56 (84.8%) showed improved lung imaging. Age, thrombocytopenia, CD8 + T cell count, course of GCS therapy, and total dose were correlated with the time of nucleic acid test turning negative (p < 0.05), and sex was correlated with the time of initial pulmonary imaging improvement (p < 0.05). The time of nucleic acid test turning negative in individuals with GCS therapy course ≤ 10 days was shorter than that of the GCS therapy course > 10 days group (p=0.001). No statistical difference was found in the dose, course of GCS, and initial time of improved lung imaging. CONCLUSIONS: Increasing the dose of GCS and prolonging the course of treatment do not shorten the time of nucleic acid test turning negative or improved absorption of pulmonary lesions. Thus, the rational use of GCS is particularly important.